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本文采用相场格子Boltzmann方法研究了竖直微通道内中等Atwoods数流体的单模Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性问题,系统分析了雷诺数对相界面动力学行为以及扰动在各发展阶段演化规律的影响.数值结果表明高雷诺数条件下,不稳定性界面扰动的增长经历了四个不同的发展阶段,包括线性增长阶段、饱和速度阶段、重加速阶段及混沌混合阶段.在线性增长阶段,我们计算获得的气泡与尖钉振幅符合线性稳定性理论,并且线性增长率随着雷诺数的增加而增大.在第二个阶段,我们观察到气泡与尖钉将以恒定的速度增长,获得的尖钉饱和速度略高于Goncharov经典势能模型的解析解[Phys.Rev.Lett.200288134502],这归因于系统中产生了多个尺度的旋涡,而涡之间的相互作用促进了尖钉的增长.随着横向速度和纵向速度的差异扩大,气泡和尖钉界面演化诱导产生的Kelvin–Helmholtz不稳定性逐渐增强,从而流体混合区域出现许多不同层次的涡结构,加速了气泡与尖钉振幅的演化速度,并在演化后期阶段,导致界面发生多层次卷起、剧烈变形、混沌破裂等行为,最终形成了非常复杂的拓扑结构.此外,我们还统计了演化后期气泡与尖钉的无量纲加速度,发现气泡和尖钉的振幅在后期呈现二次增长规律,其增长率系数分别为0.045与0.233.而在低雷诺条件下,重流体在不稳定性后期以尖钉的形式向下运动而轻流体以气泡的形式向上升起.在整个演化过程中,界面变得足够光滑,气泡与尖钉在后期的演化速度接近于常数,未观察到后期的重加速与混沌混合阶段.  相似文献   
13.
The existence and occurrence, especially by a backward bifurcation, of endemic equilibria is of utmost importance in determining the spread and persistence of a disease. In many epidemiological models, the equation for the endemic equilibria is quadratic, with the coefficients determined by the parameters of the model. Despite its apparent simplicity, such an equation can describe an amazing number of dynamical behaviors. In this paper, we shall provide a comprehensive survey of possible bifurcation patterns, deriving explicit conditions on the equation's parameters for the occurrence of each of them, and discuss illustrative examples.  相似文献   
14.
The present work is an experimental study of two oscillating rigid plates placed in side-by-side configuration, hinged at their leading edges, subjected to low subsonic flow. This problem is investigated using smoke-wire flow visualization, hot-wire anemometry, and time resolved particle image velocimetry. It is found that beyond a critical Reynolds number, the plates set into oscillatory motion. This critical Reynolds number depends on the gap between the plates. It is also seen that this value of Reynolds number, at lower values of gap to thickness ratio (<7) is significantly higher than that of the single plate configuration value. The frequency and amplitude of the oscillating plates at various gaps and Reynolds numbers have been studied and compared with the characteristics of an oscillating single plate. It is also found that depending on the gap and acceleration of the free-stream, there exist two modes of oscillation - (i) in-phase and (ii) out-of-phase. For gap to thickness ratio less than 10, only in-phase oscillations take place for all values of free-stream velocity considered in the present work, whereas, when this ratio is greater than 10, the mode of oscillation depends on the initial conditions up to a certain free-stream velocity, beyond which the plates switch to in-phase mode. Smoke wire flow visualization technique along with time resolved particle image velocimetry reveal that the vorticity distributions around the plates are responsible for the initiation of the two modes of oscillations.  相似文献   
15.
The Hadwiger number of a graph G, denoted h(G), is the largest integer t such that G contains Kt as a minor. A famous conjecture due to Hadwiger in 1943 states that for every graph G, h(G)χ(G), where χ(G) denotes the chromatic number of G. Let α(G) denote the independence number of G. A graph is H-free if it does not contain the graph H as an induced subgraph. In 2003, Plummer, Stiebitz and Toft proved that h(G)χ(G) for all H-free graphs G with α(G)2, where H is any graph on four vertices with α(H)2, H=C5, or H is a particular graph on seven vertices. In 2010, Kriesell subsequently generalized the statement to include all forbidden subgraphs H on five vertices with α(H)2. In this note, we prove that h(G)χ(G) for all W5-free graphs G with α(G)2, where W5 denotes the wheel on six vertices.  相似文献   
16.
Bryostatins are a class of naturally occurring macrocyclic lactones with a unique fast developing portfolio of clinical applications, including treatment of AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. This comprehensive account summarizes the recent progress (2014–present) in the development of bryostatins, including their total synthesis and biomedical applications. An emphasis is placed on the discussion of bryostatin 1 , the most-studied analogue to date. This review highlights the synthetic and biological challenges of bryostatins and provides an outlook on their future development.  相似文献   
17.
Total glucosides of paeony are the active constituents of Paeoniae Radix Alba. In this study, a novel strategy was proposed to find more metabolites and the differences between paeoniflorin, albiflorin and total glucosides of paeony (TGP). This strategy was characterized as follows: firstly, the animals were divided into three groups (paeoniflorin, albiflorin and TGP) to identify the source of TGP metabolites from paeoniflorin or albiflorin; secondly, a generic information‐dependent acquisition scan for the low‐level metabolites was triggered by the multiple mass defect filter and dynamic background subtraction; thirdly, the metabolites were identified with a combination of data‐processing methods including mass defect filtering, neutral loss filtering and product ion filtering; finally, a comparative study was used in the metabolism of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and TGP. Based on the strategy, 18 metabolites of TGP, 10 metabolites of paeoniflorin and 13 metabolites of albiflorin were identified respectively. The results indicated that the hydrolysis, conjugation reaction and oxidization were the major metabolic pathways, and the metabolic sites were the glycosidic linkage, the ester bond and the benzene ring. This study is first to explore the metabolism of TGP, and these findings enhance our understanding of the metabolism and the interactions of paeoniflrin and albiflorin in TGP. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
18.
本文给出了C^n中子空间之间最大和最小主角在矩阵逼近,投影算子的扰动分析,群逆以及Oraxin逆的扰动估计,条件数理论,Bott-Duffin系统扰动分析中一些应用。  相似文献   
19.
The relation between the total variation of classical field theory and the multisymplectic structure is shown. Then the multisymplectic structure and the corresponding multisymplectic conservation of the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system are obtained directly from the variational principle.  相似文献   
20.
Let ir(G) and γ(G) be the irredundance number and the domination number of a graph G, respectively. A graph G is called irredundance perfect if ir(H)=γ(H), for every induced subgraph H of G. In this article we present a result which immediately implies three known conjectures on irredundance perfect graphs. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 41: 292–306, 2002  相似文献   
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